Plans for the E10 north-south road are in hand, and the railway has been rerouted, with a temporary station in use until the new town is built. The city centre was renovated starting in 1953; most buildings built before 1920 were demolished and replaced, and many of the current buildings were built in the following period. The goal is to have the new city centre ready before we start to move everyone over, and then to move everyone at once in one or two stages, to impact people's businesses as little as possible. Sweden's northernmost town and its 18,000 inhabitants are moving two miles east, to prevent it slowly being swallowed by an underground mine.
Located in Swedish Lapland, Kiruna, the country’s northernmost – and youngest – city, is shifting its centre 3km, as the iron ore industry undermines the ground it was originally built on.
But the deep deposit of magnetite has proved a strong enough magnet to keep people here.
Some ore was extracted in the 19th century.
One of Walldin's jobs is to talk to people to find out what they want from the new town, and to convey that to the architects. The town transformation in Kiruna has received attention in Sweden as well as internationally – never before has such a large community been transformed.
""We have been around the world looking at how other countries like Germany and parts of Africa have handled similar projects, but they are just moving small villages and houses, not huge city centres," says Sievertsson. The reason is that mining has caused subsidence which affects the town, and parts of Kiruna have to be rebuilt elsewhere, on new ground. The story began in 2004, when the state-owned mining company, Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB (LKAB), sent a letter to the local government explaining that it needed to dig deeper into a hill just outside the town, which could cause the ground beneath thousands of apartments and public buildings to crack or give way.A decade later, sure enough, huge fissures are appearing across the city, creeping towards the centre. However, small-scale sabotage, such as sand in the engines, was common and loose weapons often ended up at the bottom of the Luossajärvi lake, next to the railway stop.In 1948, Kiruna gained city rights and started to receive large amounts of money from the mine. But that’s exactly what Kiruna, an Arctic town in northern Sweden, is having to do – to avoid being swallowed up into the earth.“It’s a dystopian choice,” says Krister Lindstedt of Located 145km inside the Arctic circle, Kiruna is subject to a brutal climate, enduring winters with no sunlight and average temperatures below -15C. "We have about 250 people working on the sites but we need more than 1,000. But top of most people’s concerns is where they will actually live, and what process will determine the housing allocation.“These details have yet to be determined,” admits Lindstedt. And awesome.Get InsideHook in your inbox.
White’s plan incorporates a much higher-density arrangement of multistorey apartment blocks around shared courtyards, lining straight axial boulevards, down which the icy winds will surge.It is an opportunity, say the architects, for Kiruna to “reinvent itself” into a model of sustainable development, attracting young people who wouldn’t have stayed in the town before, with new cultural facilities and “visionary” things such as a cable car bobbing above the high street. "This is a very male-dominated city as most young women move away," says Walldin. The world-famous Ice Hotel in nearby Jukkasjarvi attracts more than 100,000 people to the area every year, but tourists rarely bother to make the 15-minute journey to Kiruna.From an anthropological point of view, there is one major concern - the "people in Kiruna who are stuck in old memories", as Walldin puts it. Archaeological findings have shown that the region around Kiruna has been inhabited for at least 6,000 years. We would need workers from all over Scandinavia to make this project possible. And as the mine removes the equivalent of a 12-story building of material from the ground each day, the city sinks at a rate of two inches each year.As pipeline money poured into the city of Fairbanks, the Wild West saw a brief revivalI wanted a color I’d never seen before. That’s why the town of 18,000 is being moved 3 kilometers (2 miles) to the east, to more stable ground.
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